Visible Punctuation

One of the problems of editing on-screen is that punctuation marks are harder to see than on paper. Is that speck on my screen a period or just spray from my Diet Coke? (Sorry. Didn't mean to gross you out.) There's an easy remedy for this--one I like a lot. Just create a character style that's big and bold and colorful. Then record a macro to find and replace punctuation marks with themselves, formatted with your character style. Here's how:

Creating the Paragraph Style

1. Click the "Format" menu.

2. Click "Style" (in Word 2002, "Styles and Formatting").

3. Click the "New" button (in Word 2002, "New Style").

4. In the "Name" box, type a name for your new style--"Punctuation," maybe, or "Jots and Tittles."

5. In the "Style type" box, select "Character."

6. Click the "Format" button.

7. Click "Font."

8. If it's not already selected, click the "Font" tab.

9. Under "Font," select a font you'd like to use, but make sure it has easily distinguishable punctuation marks. Times New Roman is my all-time favorite for this purpose.

10. Under "Font style," select "Bold."

11. Under "Size," select something nice and big. Try 18 points for starters (for text that is regularly 12 points). You can adjust this as you like.

12. Under "Font color," select red or blue--whatever you like.

13. Click the "OK" button.

14. Click the next "OK" button.

15. Click the "Close" button (except in Word 2002).

Recording the Macro

1. Click the "Tools" menu.

2. Click "Macro."

3. Click "Record New Macro."

4. In the "Macro name" box, give your macro a name, something like "BigPunctuation" (no spaces allowed in macro names).

5. If you like, assign the macro to a toolbar button or keyboard shortcut by clicking the appropriate buttons and following the prompts on your screen.

6. If necessary, click the "Close" button. You should now see the macro recording toolbar with its two buttons, which means Word is now recording what you do.

7. Click the "Edit" menu.

8. Click "Replace."

9. In the "Find what" box, enter some punctuation you want to include--let's say a comma.

10. In the "Replace with" box, enter the same punctuation you included in the "Find what" box.

11. Click the "Format" button (you may need to click the "More" button before this is available).

12. Click "Style."

13. Select your new style from the list.

14. Click the "OK" button.

15. Make sure the "Search" box says "All."

16. Click the "Replace All" button. That will replace all of your commas with themselves but formatted with your new style.

17. Repeat steps 7 through 16 for each punctuation mark you want to format with your new style. I recommend periods, commas, semicolons, colons, single quotation marks, double quotation marks, hyphens, en dashes, em dashes, and anything else you have trouble seeing. Don't overdo it, though. The point is to *see* the little stuff, not to get lost in a forest of overgrown punctuation.

18. Click the "Tools" menu.

19. Click "Macro."

20. Click "Stop Recording."

Now run the macro (Tools > Macro > Macros > [select the macro] > Run), and it will format your punctuation so it's easy to see. Of course, the macro will remain available for future use--you don't have to record it every time you do this.

A possible drawback to all of this is that the enlarged punctuation may expand your line spacing here and there, making your document look kind of funny. But if you can live with that, you'll probably come to like working with those "big commas." Another drawback is that any new punctuation you *type* in the document won't be big, bold, and colorful--unless you format it with the new style or run the macro periodically, but that seems like a lot of extra work to me. There is another solution, but that's a subject for another day.

"How do I get rid of the big formatting after I've finished editing?" you're now asking. The easiest way is just to delete the style from the document. But don't forget to do it! Otherwise, your client will think you're pretty weird. Here's the procedure:

1. Click the "Format" menu.

2. Click "Style" (in Word 2002, "Styles and Formatting").

3. Select the style you created earlier to format your punctuation.

4. Click the "Delete" button (in Word 2002, you must first click the dropdown arrow on the right of the style's name).

5. When Word asks if you really want to delete the style, click the "Yes" button.

6. Click the "Close" button (except in Word 2002).

Now all of your perfectly edited punctuation will be returned to its regular formatting.

You'll thank me when you go to the optometrist.

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RESOURCES

Charles Kenyon's Microsoft Word FAQ includes an astounding amount of information about Microsoft Word. You'll find tips, tutorials, downloads, links, and lots of other stuff. Explore and enjoy!

http://www.addbalance.com/word/index.htm

Tracking Trick

If you've done much editing in Microsoft Word, you've probably used Track Changes (Revisions), which marks deleted and added text so you can review (or let someone else review) your editing. If you haven't used it, here's how to turn it on:

1. Click the "Tools" menu.

2. Click "Track Changes."

3. Click "Highlight Changes."

4. Put a check in the box labeled "Track changes while editing." (While you're there, you can also decide whether or not to show ["highlight"] changes on your screen or in the printed document.)

5. Click the "OK" button.

Or, what the heck, just double-click the "TRK" box in the status bar at the bottom of your screen. You can also right-click the box to set various options.

One of the options is what color to use to designate deletions and additions--blue, turquoise, and so on (scroll down to see the more unusual colors). The most interesting color is the one labeled "By author." What's it do? Well, my own "author" color, by default, is red. If, however, I open a document from you, your tracked changes will show up in a different color, probably blue. So "By author" tells word to assign a different color to changes from a different user. How does Word know the document is from a different user? Because of the name that was specified under Tools > Options > User Information > Name when the document was created.

And that suggests an interesting trick. If you're going to track changes, why not track different *kinds* of changes in a way that will be helpful to you? The most obvious application of this idea would be to track big changes (such as moving paragraphs around) and small changes (such as moving commas around) separately. All you have to do is change the name under User Information to something like "Big Changes" before getting out the cleaver, and to something like "Little Changes" before getting out the tweezers. The obvious advantage of this is that little changes then show up in a different color *inside* of big changes, which doesn't happen if you make all of your changes using the same user name (and thus the same color).

You can even record each name change in its own macro and assign those macros to menus, toolbar buttons, or keyboard shortcuts for easy access. You can learn more about doing so here:

http://www.topica.com/lists/editorium/read/message.html?mid=1706651129

http://www.topica.com/lists/editorium/read/message.html?mid=1707286867

http://www.topica.com/lists/editorium/read/message.html?mid=1707444986

http://www.topica.com/lists/editorium/read/message.html?mid=1707100224

(Reader's Write column)

After you've finished marking big and little changes (or whatever), don't forget to set your user name back to your actual name.

Now, there are plenty of changes you probably don't want to track at all. For example, before I ever start reading a document, I first clean up multiple spaces, multiple paragraph breaks, and lots of other stuff that gets in the way of real editing. I do this with Track Changes turned off (using our FileCleaner and MegaReplacer programs) because I don't consider these to be significant changes. I don't want to review them, and I don't think my authors care about reviewing them. I do, however, want to have any significant changes available for review, and the tracking trick of changing the user name makes this eminently doable.

You can learn about FileCleaner here:

http://www.editorium.com/14845.htm

And you can learn about MegaReplacer here:

http://www.editorium.com/14843.htm

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READERS WRITE

After reading about using background colors in last week's newsletter, Chuck Tucker (ctucker@ieee.org) wrote:

I don't know about your version of Word, but background colors (other than white on blue) only work in Normal view. They go away when you switch back to Print View.

I have a couple of other observations.

1. When I switch to Normal view with ToolsOptionsView Style Area Width set greater than zero I get the usual display of styles along the left margin.

2. When I set a new background color in the Normal view the styles in the margin disappear (Area Width = 0)??

3. Switching back to Print Layout view gets rid of the background.

4. Switching back to Normal view omits the background color and returns the Styles in the margin.

Go figure?

However, if you simply use the standard "white on blue background" option, then the Styles margin display remains when switching back and forth.

Thanks to Chuck for sending these "gotchas."

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RESOURCES

The Microsoft Office "Tools on the Web" site offers some terrific instruction on using the Track Changes feature:

http://officeupdate.microsoft.com/legal/track%20changes.asp

Background Colors

Last week's newsletter suggested various ways to change the view in Word as a way to pick up errors missed during a first editing pass. You can read the newsletter here:

http://www.topica.com/lists/editorium/read/message.html?mid=1710581825

Unfortunately, I forgot to include one method that is both effective and easy to use--a feature called "Blue background, white text." Here's how to turn it on:

1. Click the "Tools" menu.

2. Click "Options."

3. Click the "General" tab.

4. Put a check in the box labeled "Blue background, white text."

5. Click the "OK" button.

That will display your document with white text on a blue background, just like the old WordPerfect 5.1 for DOS--definitely a new way to view your document. You may find that you actually prefer working with this feature turned on--it's certainly easy on the eyes. If so, when you're ready to give your document a second look for missed typos, just turn the feature off, reverting to black text on a white background.

If you want other background colors (bright green!), they're certainly available, at least since Word 97. Here's how to get them:

1. Click the "Format" menu.

2. Click "Background."

3. Click the color you want to use.

Note that using this feature overrides the blue background (but not the white text) of "Blue background, white text," if you have it turned on, so you'll probably want to turn it off before using a background color. Also, happily, background colors don't print; as the Help file notes, they're designed for "viewing documents only"--which is exactly what we want. (Background colors are also useful in creating Web pages, but that's another story.)

By the way, you may find that you like editing in some of the background colors. As I write this, I'm using the light green on the bottom row of standard colors--a nice change from Word's usual stark white. If the standard colors aren't enough, you can click "More Colors" and really get crazy. Furthermore, once you've set a color you like, you can save it in a template that you can attach to any document you like. Just be sure to reattach the regular template before sending the document out into the real world.

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READERS WRITE

Several readers sent suggestions about reading documents in a new way to catch additional typos.

Nancy Newlin (nancynewlin@earthlink.net), who inspired this week's article, wrote, "Here's another one I learned many years back that 'tricks' the eyes into thinking they're seeing something new: print the document on something other than white paper--yellow, green, blue, etc. Then it all looks NEW. Works for me!"

Preston Earle wrote, "Another effective way to spot typos is to read the document backwards."

Dave Erickson suggested reading aloud as a way to catch errors.

In a follow-up to Lyon's Law of Typos, mentioned in last week's newsletter, Marie Shear wrote, "Shear's Law of Typos, discovered by a widely unheralded writer and editor, specifies that the number of errors is directly proportional to the number of copies that have just been distributed and to the rank of the recipients."

I'd seen the law in action, but now I know its discoverer!

Many thanks to Nancy, Preston, Dave, and Marie for their messages.

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RESOURCES

After reading about Lyon's Law of Typos in last week's newsletter, Steve Dobney sent a link to a wonderful article, "Muphry's Law," by John Bangsund, who served for many years as editor for the Australian-based (Victoria) Society of Editors Newsletter. You'll find John's article here:

http://users.pipeline.com.au/bangsund/muphry.htm

You'll also enjoy John's Web site, Threepenny Planet, which features information about him and several delightful articles about the publishing world:

http://users.pipeline.com.au/bangsund/

For readers of Editorium Update, John particularly recommends "On Looking It Up":

http://users.pipeline.com.au/bangsund/ramble.htm)

and "How I Became an Editor":

http://users.pipeline.com.au/bangsund/howcomed.htm

If you're looking for a highly experienced freelancer, you'll probably be interested in John's services. You can reach him here:

mailto:bangsund [at symbol] pipeline.com.au

And you can see his curriculum vitae here:

http://users.pipeline.com.au/bangsund/cv.htm

Thanks to Steve and John.

New Views on Typos

Lyon's Law of Typos: On your first glance at a newly typeset document, you will immediately discover an error you missed while editing.

Why this maddening experience occurs is a mystery to me, but it's nevertheless true that when I see a document in a new form, I also spot "new" errors. If this is true for you, too, you can use Microsoft Word to turn it to your advantage. How? By changing the way you view a document in Microsoft Word.

Let's say you've already "finished" editing a document--you've made everything consistent, fixed errors of fact, run a spell-check, and so on. Ordinarily, you'd send it off to be typeset--*after* which you'd spot those additional typos. This time, however, why not try reading through the document again after changing the way it's displayed? You could try any of the following:

* If you've been working in Normal view, switch to Print Layout view (under the View menu)--or vice versa.

* Read the document in Outline view (under the View menu).

* Change the Zoom percentage to something radically bigger or smaller than what you've been using (View > Zoom).

* Attach a different template (using the same style names) to display your type in a different color and font. If you're going to do this, make sure you have a "real" template that you can attach later to restore the document's true formatting. You can learn more about this here:

http://www.topica.com/lists/editorium/read/message.html?mid=1704544112

* Switch to Draft font. You've never used Draft font? It shows text in a plain font with a minimum of formatting. Here's how to display it:

1. Click "View."

2. Click "Normal" (you must be in Normal view to use Draft font).

3. Click "Tools."

4. Click "Options."

5. Click the "View" tab.

6. Put a check in the box labeled "Draft font."

7. Click the "OK" button.

Word 2000's Draft font has a bug that prevents the display of bold and italic, as explained here:

http://support.microsoft.com/search/preview.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;Q210585

But in other versions of Word, Draft font works fairly well and is definitely a different way to look at your documents.

Will using one of these methods eliminate typos in typesetting? Well, probably not. After all, Lyon's Law of Typos is a law. But another read-through in a different view should help catch some of those errors.

You can see a long list of other amusing (and often true) laws here:

http://www.cpuidle.de/edition.htm

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RESOURCES

After reading the article above, you may be interested in some other strategies for spotting errors. If so, you'll probably enjoy the Proofreading Strategies page at Purdue University Online Writing Lab. Much of the information is aimed at college students, naturally enough, but there are still some helpful tips here:

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/general/gl_proof.html

Identifying Unicode Character Numbers

Sometimes to find or replace a Unicode character in Microsoft Word, you need the character's number, as explained in the June 12, 2002, issue of Editorium Update:

http://www.topica.com/lists/editorium/read/message.html?mid=1710421080

If you know the name of the character, you can probably look up its Unicode number at Alan Wood's Unicode Resources site:

http://www.hclrss.demon.co.uk/unicode/search.html

But what if you don't know its name? Isn't there a way to find out the number of a Unicode character that's used in your Word document?

Fortunately, there is. Alan Wood has provided a terrific macro for that purpose, and you can get the macro here:

http://www.hclrss.demon.co.uk/unicode/utilities_editors.html#word97

You may have to scroll down a little (past the first, short macro) to find the macro, which is introduced by the following text: "The following macro will attempt to identify a single character that you have selected, and display its Unicode decimal character reference."

Don't know how to use such macros? You can find out here.

I'd recommend that you put the macro on a menu, toolbar button, or keyboard combination for easy access. You can learn how here:

http://www.topica.com/lists/editorium/read/message.html?mid=1707286867

http://www.topica.com/lists/editorium/read/message.html?mid=1707444986

http://www.topica.com/lists/editorium/read/message.html?mid=1707100224

(Reader's Write column)

Please note that you must select a character before running the macro. By the way, the macro also identifies ANSI numbers, which makes it a good substitute for the macro in the November 28, 2000, issue of Editorium Update:

http://www.topica.com/lists/editorium/read/message.html?mid=1704193319

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READERS WRITE

Melissa Bogen wrote, "I read with interest your recent newsletter on converting Unicode characters to Quark XPress Tags. Is there a resource you can suggest where I can see a complete list of XPress Tags?"

There's a particularly well-done list here, in PDF form:

Click to access XPressTagsList.pdf

Thanks to Meg for her question.

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RESOURCES

All week I've been trying out a program named UltimaShell that completes words as you type. And you know what? I like it, especially because it has so many user-definable options. Here's the information from the program's publisher:

"FlashPeak UltimaShell makes you type as fast as thinking.

"UltimaShell autocompletes words/phrases and autoexpand shorthands in ANY applications on MS Windows. It also provides a wonderful collection of clipboard and shell enhancement functions together with many handy automation utilities."

You can learn more here:

http://www.flashpeak.com/ushell/ushell.htm

The publisher of UltimaShell is offering a 30% discount to readers of Editorium Update. If you'd like to take advantage of this offer, please use the following private purchase link:

http://www.regsoft.net/purchase.php3?productid=38940&pc=14W0n

You can learn more about word-expansion programs for both PC and Macintosh here:

http://trace.wisc.edu/docs/wordprediction2001/index.htm